哺乳日糧中添加玉米豆粕混合發(fā)酵原料對(duì)母豬和仔豬的生產(chǎn)性能的影響

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　　哺乳日糧中添加玉米豆粕混合發(fā)酵原料對(duì)母豬和仔豬的生產(chǎn)性能的影響
　　2018.J. Anim. Sci. 96(1): 206–214

　　網(wǎng)站鏈接：https://academic.oup.com/jas/article/96/1/206/4824921
　　DOI：https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skx019

　　哺乳日糧中添加玉米豆粕混合發(fā)酵原料對(duì)母豬和仔豬的生產(chǎn)性能的影響
　　C. Wang, C. Lin, W. Su, Y. Zhang, F. Wang, Y. Wang, C.Shi, and Z. Lu
　　翻譯： 蔣輝 校對(duì)： 上海亙泰實(shí)業(yè)集團(tuán)

　　摘要： 在本研究中，通過兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)來研究，母豬哺乳日糧中添加玉米豆粕混合發(fā)酵原料（由枯草芽孢桿菌和屎腸球菌發(fā)酵）對(duì)母豬及仔豬生產(chǎn)性能的影響。

　　實(shí)驗(yàn)1，60頭母豬被分配到以下三種日糧組中：1）母豬飼喂玉米和豆粕的基礎(chǔ)日糧（對(duì)照），分娩前3天到斷奶；2）母豬飼喂含有7.5%發(fā)酵原料的日糧 ； 3）母豬飼喂含有15%發(fā)酵原料的日糧。結(jié)果表明，飼喂含有15%發(fā)酵原料的日糧同對(duì)照組比較，顯著改善了母豬日平均采食量(P < 0.05)、仔豬斷奶重、仔豬增重，并減少母豬背膘損失(P < 0.05)。但是，含有7.5%發(fā)酵原料對(duì)于母豬及后代仔豬沒有任何影響。因此，我們認(rèn)為15%FMF水平比7.5%FMF有效。

　　為了驗(yàn)證實(shí)驗(yàn)1的結(jié)果，我們進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)2，60頭母豬在妊娠111天時(shí)候被分配到以下兩個(gè)日糧組：1）母豬飼喂基礎(chǔ)哺乳日糧（對(duì)照），從妊娠111天到斷奶；   2）母豬飼喂含有15%發(fā)酵原料的日糧。與對(duì)照組相比，15%發(fā)酵原料顯著改善母豬日均采食量(P < 0.05)、窩增重和仔豬增重，并且顯著減少背膘損失(P < 0.05)和仔豬腹瀉發(fā)病率。此外，同對(duì)照相比，飼喂15%發(fā)酵原料的日糧，母豬產(chǎn)奶量和IgA水平顯著改善(P < 0.05)。此外， 15%發(fā)酵原料組日糧總能、代謝能及總磷的表觀消化率都增加(P < 0.05)。

　　因此，本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，母豬從分娩到斷奶飼喂15%FMF的日糧有很大的潛力改善
      1）增加母豬日平均采食量、產(chǎn)奶量、奶中IgA水平及養(yǎng)分消化率，并且通過降低母豬斷奶后發(fā)情時(shí)間來改善母豬繁殖性能；
　　2)促進(jìn)仔豬生長(zhǎng)性能，降低仔豬腹瀉發(fā)生率。

　　關(guān)鍵詞：表觀消化率，發(fā)酵玉米和豆粕混合飼料，奶水，性能，后代，母豬

　　Effects of supplementing sow diets with fermented corn and soybean meal mixed feed during lactation on the performance of sows and progeny

　　C. Wang, C. Lin, W. Su, Y. Zhang, F. Wang, Y. Wang, C. Shi, and Z. Lu

　　In the present study, two experiments were performed to study the effects of feeding fermented corn and soybean meal mixed feed (FMF) with Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium to lactating sows on the performance of the sows and their progeny. In experiment 1, 60 sows were allocated to thefollowing three dietary treatments: 1) sows fed a corn and soybean meal basal diet (control) from day 3 before parturition to weaning, 2) sows fed a dietwith 7.5% FMF, and 3) sows fed a diet with 15% FMF. Results indicated that feeding 15% FMF significantly improved (P < 0.05) the sows’ ADFI, the individual piglet weaning weights, and piglet weight gain and reduced (P <0.05) the backfat loss of sows compared with the control group. However, the 7.5% FMF treatment did not alter the performance of the sows or their progeny. Therefore, we considered the level of 15% FMF to be more efficient than 7.5% FMF. To verify the results of experiment 1, we performed experiment 2, in which 60 sows at 111 d of gestation were allocated into the following two dietary treatments: 1) sows fed a basal lactation diet (control) from d 111 of gestation to weaning and 2) sows fed a basal diet with 15% FMF. Compared with the control group, 15% FMF inclusion significantly increased (P < 0.05) the sows’ ADFI, litter weight gain, and individual piglet weight gain during lactation and markedly decreased the backfat loss of sows (P < 0.05) and piglet diarrhea incidence (P < 0.05). Additionally, the milk yield and IgA contents of the milk in sows fed 15% FMF were greater (P < 0.05) than those of the control group. Furthermore, the apparent total tract digestibility of GE, DM, and total P of sows was increased (P < 0.05) with 15% FMF supplementation. Therefore, the present study indicates that supplementing sow diets with 15% FMF from parturition to weaning has the potential to 1) increase sow ADFI, milk production, milk IgA content, and nutrient digestibility and promote sow reproductive performance by shortening the weaning-to-estrous interval and 2) promote the growth performance of their progeny and decrease diarrhea incidence.

　　Key words: apparent total tract digestibility, fermented corn and soybean meal mixed feed, milk, performance, progeny, sow

　　轉(zhuǎn)自：豬營(yíng)養(yǎng)國(guó)際論壇CSIS