生長(zhǎng)豬日糧中一種新型大豆?jié)饪s蛋白和豆粕的能量、氨基酸和磷的消化率

畜牧人小李

2016. J.Anim. Sci. 94(8): 3343-3352

生長(zhǎng)豬日糧中一種新型大豆?jié)饪s蛋白和豆粕的能量、氨基酸和磷的消化率

M. S.Oliveira 和H. H. Stein

　　本研究包含三個(gè)試驗(yàn)旨在分析一種新的大豆?jié)饪s蛋白 (SPC) 和豆粕(SBM)中粗蛋白和氨基酸的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)回腸消化率 (SID) 、消化能和代謝能以及磷的表觀總腸道消化率(ATTD)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)總腸道消化率(STTD)。

　　試驗(yàn)一選用9頭回腸末端插有T型瘺管的去勢(shì)公豬（初始體重：13.08±1.98 kg），試驗(yàn)采用含三種日糧三個(gè)階段的3 × 3拉丁方設(shè)計(jì)。第一組是無(wú)氮日糧，另外兩組分別使用玉米淀粉和SPC、玉米淀粉和SBM，其中SPC和SBM作為日糧唯一的蛋白和氨基酸來(lái)源。7天為一階段，每個(gè)階段的第6天和第7天收集回腸食糜。SPC中Ile、Leu、Phe、Pro和Tyr 的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)回腸消化率比SBM中相應(yīng)氨基酸的要高(P < 0.05) ，但對(duì)于粗蛋白和其它氨基酸，SPC和SBM之間并沒(méi)有區(qū)別。試驗(yàn)二選用24頭去勢(shì)公豬（初始體重：13.94 ± 1.34 kg）分別飼養(yǎng)于個(gè)體代謝籠中，隨機(jī)配以以下三種日糧。一個(gè)是玉米基礎(chǔ)日糧（含96.9%的玉米），另兩個(gè)分別是玉米和SPC型日糧、玉米和SBM型日糧。每種日糧分給8頭豬。糞樣和尿樣用點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)法收集，前5天為適應(yīng)期，后5天為糞尿收集期，SPC和SBM的消化能和代謝能用不同步驟測(cè)定。結(jié)果顯示SBM中總能的表觀總腸道消化率比玉米的低(P < 0.05)且SPC的消化能和代謝能比玉米和SBM的高 (P < 0.01) 。試驗(yàn)三采用完全隨機(jī)的區(qū)組設(shè)計(jì)，將40頭去勢(shì)公豬(初始體重: 14.12 ± 2.08 kg)置于代謝籠中，每組10頭豬，飼喂以下四種日糧。前兩組日糧分別以SPC和SBM作為唯一磷源。另外兩組分別在前兩組基礎(chǔ)上添加微生物植酸酶。前5天為適應(yīng)期，后5天收集糞樣，且對(duì)磷的表觀總腸道消化率和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)總腸道消化率進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。SPC和SBM日糧中磷的表觀總腸道消化率和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)總腸道消化率并沒(méi)有差異，但微生物植酸酶加入后SPC和SBM中磷的表觀總腸道消化率和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)總腸道消化率得到提高(P < 0.01)。

　　總之，SPC的消化能和代謝能比SBM高，但SPC與SBM相比其大多數(shù)氨基酸的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)回腸消化率和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)總腸道磷消化率并沒(méi)有差異。

Digestibility of energy, amino acids, and phosphorus in a novel source of soy protein concentrate and in soybean meal fed to growing pigs

M. S. Oliveira and H. H. Stein

Three experiments were conducted to determine standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of CP and AA, DE and ME, and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in a new source of soy protein concentrate (SPC) and in soybean meal (SBM). In Exp. 1, 9 barrows (initial BW: 13.08 ± 1.98 kg) were prepared with a T-cannula in the distal ileum and allotted to a triplicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with 3 diets and3 periods. A nitrogen-free diet and 2 diets that contained corn starch and SPC or SBM as the sole source of CP and AA were formulated. Each period lasted 7 d, and ileal digesta were collected on d 6 and 7 of each period. The SID for Ile, Leu, Phe, Pro, and Tyr was greater (P < 0.05) in SPC than in SBM, but for CP nd all other AA, no difference between SPC and SBM was observed. In Exp. 2, 24 barrows (initial BW: 13.94 ± 1.34 kg) were housed individually in metabolism crates and randomly allotted to 1 of 3 diets. A corn-based diet (96.9% corn) and 2 diets that contained corn and SPC or corn and SBM were formulated. Each diet was fed to 8 pigs. Feces and urine samples were collected using the marker to marker method with 5-d adaptation and 5-d collection periods. The DE and ME in SPC and SBM were calculated using the difference procedure. Results indicated that the ATTD of GE was lower (P < 0.05) in SBM than in corn and the DE and ME in SPC were greater (P < 0.01) than in corn and SBM. In Exp. 3, 40 barrows (initial BW: 14.12 ± 2.08 kg) were placed in metabolism crates and allotted to 4 diets in a randomized complete block design with 10 pigs perdiet. Two diets were based on SPC or SBM as the sole source of P. Two additional diets were formulated by adding microbial phytase to diets that were otherwise similar to the 2 initial diets. Feces were collected for 5 d after a5-d adaptation period and values for ATTD and STTD of P were calculated. No differences were observed in ATTD and STTD of P between SPC and SBM, but the ATTD and STTD of P of both SPC and SBM were greater (P < 0.01) if microbial phytase was added to the diets. In conclusion, the concentrations of DE and ME are greater in SPC than in SBM, but the SID of most AA and the STTD of P are not different between SPC and SBM.

翻譯：李光燃  來(lái)源：豬營(yíng)養(yǎng)國(guó)際論壇CSIS