不同水平麥麩對生長豬后腸道發酵生產能量和短鏈脂肪酸的影響

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2015. J. Anim. Sci. 93(10):4781-4787
       不同水平麥麩對生長豬后腸道發酵生產能量和短鏈脂肪酸的影響
E. A. Iyayi和O. Adeola
      本試驗研究了日糧纖維在生長豬后腸道發酵所產生的可利用能量。試驗選用了18頭回腸末端安裝了T型瘺管的閹公豬，隨機分為三組。三種日糧為：標準纖維日糧（SFD，日糧中中性洗滌纖維NDF含量為7.51%）、中纖維日糧（MFD，中性洗滌纖維NDF含量為10.57%）、高纖維日糧（HFD，中性洗滌纖維NDF含量為14.69%）。每種日糧6頭豬（6個重復）。試驗豬只在代謝籠中適應5天后，第6、7天收集食糜，第8、9天將食糜冷凍干燥。將豬的糞便接種至同一頭豬的回腸食糜中。發酵生產的能量由回腸食糜48小時體外發酵產生的短鏈脂肪酸（SCFA）計算得到。隨著日糧中中性洗滌纖維的增加，回腸食糜和糞便的干物質含量增加（P＜0.01）。但是卻將前腸道可利用的能量從3360 kcal/kg干物質降低到2974kcal/kg干物質（P＜0.01），后腸道發酵產能從619kcal/kg干物質提高到1009kcal/kg干物質（P＜0.01）。

      中性洗滌纖維的增加提高了短鏈脂肪酸的產量（P< 0.01）。乙酸含量在高纖維日糧組中最高（P＜0.01），而標準纖維日糧組丙酸和戊酸含量最高（P＜0.05）。日糧處理對丁酸含量沒有顯著影響。日糧NDF含量從7.5%提高至14.7%后，發酵產短鏈脂肪酸所生產的能量占全腸道消化能的比例從10.7%提高至24.2%（P＜0.01）。本試驗研究表明提高日糧中NDF含量可降低生長豬在前腸道能量的消化率，同時增加后腸道微生物發酵生產的能量。

      Quantification of short-chain fatty acids and energy production from hindgut fermentation in cannulated pigs fed graded levels of wheat bran
      E. A. Iyayi and O. Adeola
     This study investigated the amount of energy available to growing pigs from fermentation of dietary fiber in the hindgut. Eighteen growing barrows, fitted with a simple T-shaped cannula at the terminal ileum, were allocated to 3 experimental diets in a completely randomized design. The 3 diets were a standard-fiber diet (SFD), which contained 75.1 g NDF/kg diet; a medium-fiber diet (MFD) of 105.7 g NDF/kg diet; and a high-fiber diet (HFD), which contained 146.9 g NDF/kg diet. Each diet had 6 replicate pigs. After a 5-d period of adjustment of the pigs to the cage environment, feces were collected on d 6 and 7 and ileal digesta on d 8 and 9 and subsequently freeze-dried. Fecal slurry from a pig was used to inoculate the ileal digesta from the same pig. The amount of energy available was calculated from the amount of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced from a 48-h in vitro fermentation of the ileal digesta. Increasing NDF enhanced (P < 0.01) the ileal DM flow and DM in feces. The energy available in the foregut was reduced (P < 0.05) from 3,360 to 2,974 kcal/kg feed DM and increased (P < 0.01) from 619 to 1,009 kcal/kg feed DM produced in the hindgut with increasing dietary NDF. The amount of SCFA increased (P < 0.01) with higher dietary NDF. Acetic acid was highest (P < 0.01) in the HFD whereas propionic and valeric acids were highest (P < 0.05) in the SFD. The amount of butyric acid was not affected by diet. The amount of energy contributed from SCFA fermentation to total tract digestible energy increased (P < 0.01) from 10.7 to 24.2% as dietary NDF level increased from 75 to 147 g/kg feed. The results of the study showed that increasing level of dietary NDF resulted in reduced energy digestibility in the fore gut of growing pigs with a corresponding increase in the amount of energy from microbial fermentation in the hind gut.
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